RESEARCH STUDIES
Human Fatigue Study
A scientific
study1 was conducted to determine
whether fatigue, as defined by the Piper
Fatigue Scale (PFS), could be significantly
relieved by use of a phosphoglycolipid-rich
dietary supplement – NT Factor™,
in a targeted sampling of the general population
(mean age=50.3 years). Sixty four (64) subjects
completed the self-reported PFS and were
admitted to the study when their self-reported
sign/symptom severity scores were converted
to fatigue scores and rated as high moderate
to severe fatigue. The PFS has been shown
to accurately reflect the multifactorial
nature of fatigue through statistical factor
analysis and clinical studies.
Using the Piper
Fatigue Scale, there was a 33% reduction
in fatigue after eight weeks on NT
Factor™. The PFS rates fatigue
from a score of 0 (no fatigue) to 10 (severe
fatigue). The average initial fatigue score
for the group before treatment was reported
as severe (mean score=7.9± 0.82 SD, range=6.4-9.9).
After the fourth week of supplementation,
the average fatigue score was rated as moderate
(mean=6.1±1.66 SD, range =2.6-9.5) (p<0.0001).
At the eighth week of supplementation, the
final average score was rated as moderate
(mean=4.7±2.01 SD, range=1.5-9.4) (p<0.0001).
In this self-reported study, dietary supplementation
significantly reduced fatigue as measured
by the PFS. While this pilot study did not
compare the study product with a placebo,
the response generated in the initial survey
was significant enough to warrant further
investigation in an expanded, controlled
study utilizing a placebo.
Human Chemotherapy Study
Fatigue is one
of the most common complaints in chemotherapy
patients, in addition to the numerous adverse
reactions associated with the administration
of chemotherapy. The effect of NT
Factor™ has been documented in
a double-blind, crossover placebo-controlled,
randomized study on patients undergoing
chemotherapy.2 Thirty-six patients
were enrolled in the 12-week pilot study.
The results
of this pilot study, both open-label and
double-blinded placebo-crossover in design,
indicate that patient perception of benefit
with NT Factor™ supplementation
to chemotherapy is significant in reducing
fatigue, vomiting, nausea and diarrhea.
Human Mitochondrial Study
Research conducted
at The Institute for Molecular Medicine
in Huntington Beach, CA3 evaluated
the effects of NT
Factor™ on
mitochondrial function in an elderly population
(average 69 yrs, n=20). Mitochondria of
peripheral blood cells were isolated using
flow cytometry and stained with fluorescent
reducing dye Rhodamine 123.
Improvement
of mitochondrial function in 8 weeks reached
levels normally seen in early middle age.
Continued use maintained improved levels.
Patients’ fatigue improvement as measured
by the published Piper Fatigue Scale correlated
with increased mitochondrial function. A
washout period caused function to return
to near baseline indicating a need for continued
use. Dosing during the study was 3 tablets
twice daily. All statistical measurements
were considered significant.
Animal Mitochondrial Study
Research conducted
at the Henry Ford Health Systems Department
of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery4
investigated the effects of polyunsaturated
phosphatidylcholine (PPC) in NT
Factor™ on age-related hearing
loss in rats by evaluating its ability to
preserve mitochondrial function, protect
mitochondrial DNA from oxidative damage
and preserve auditory sensitivity. The rat
subjects were given a dose of 300mg/kg per
day of NT Factor™. The
animals were divided randomly into two groups
(n = 7 for each group). Group-1 served as
the control, and group-2 as the experimental
group. At the onset of the study, auditory
brainstem responses were obtained to measure
baseline hearing thresholds. Age-associated
changes in hearing sensitivities were then
recorded at two-month intervals for six
months.
Overall, there
was a continued decline in hearing in the
control subjects and a statistically significant
protective effect of PPC on the experimental
subjects (p < 0.005). The results of this
experiment suggest that NT Factor™
containing PPC may protect mitochondrial
function by preserving the age-related decline
in mitochondrial membrane potentials and
hence their activity. Additionally, there
was less mitochondrial DNA damage noted
in the treated group. This may also explain
the demonstrated effect of preservation
of hearing loss associated with aging, by
the ability of PPC to specifically up regulate
cochlear mitochondrial function.
| Item Number: |
AM207 |
| Quantity per
bottle: |
90 Tablets |
| Serving Size: |
1 tablet |
| Ingredients
Per 1 Tablet Serving: |
| *NT
Factor™ |
355mg |
| Calcium
(as phosphate, sulfate) |
70mg |
| Phosphorus
(as calcium phosphate) |
25mg |
| Magnesium
(sulfate) |
25mg |
| Alpha-Ketoglutaric
Acid |
60mg |
| L-Carnitine-L-Tartrate |
45mg |
| L-Tyrosine |
30mg |
Vitamin
E
(as d-alpha tocopherol succinate,
d-alpha tocopherol with mixed
tocopherols) |
10
IU |
|
*NT
Factor™ is a nutrient complex extracted
and prepared using proprietary processes.
It is composed only of food and food components
listed as:
Phosphoglycolipids:
includes polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine,
glycolipids and other polyunsaturated phosphatidyl
nutrients.
Bifido Bacterium, L. Bacillus, L-Acidophilus:
freeze-dried
and microencapsulated in a state of suspended
animation with potential to form friendly
microflora colonies.
Growth Media: foods
and bacteria growth factors to support microflora
colonies including defatted rice bran, arginine,
beet root fiber, black strap molasses, glycine,
magnesium sulfate, para-amino benzoate,
leek, pantethine (bifido growth factor),
taurine, garlic, calcium borogluconate,
omega-6 fatty acids, omega-3 fatty acids,
artichoke, potassium citrate, calcium sulfate,
spirulina, bromelain, natural vitamin E,
calcium ascorbate, alpha-lipoic acid, oligosaccharides,
B-6, niacinamide, riboflavin, inositol,
niacin, calcium pantothenate, thiamin, B-12,
folic acid, chromium picolinate.
Mechanism of Action
A cell’s functional
capacity can be measured, in part, by the
fluidity of its membranes and its cell-to-cell
communication capacity. One of the most
common forms of cell damage is created by
free radicals, which reduce membrane fluidity,
cell communication, and cell-to-cell function.
Protecting cell membrane integrity is thought
to enhance cellular health, energy and efficient
metabolism.
Preventing
loss of membrane integrity due to damaged
components and the resultant loss of cellular
energy may be accomplished, in part, by
replacement of damaged lipids. Among the
important cell membrane lipids, polyunsaturated
phosphatidyl-choline (PPC) molecules supplied
by NT factor™ are essential
for the structure, function, and regeneration
of all biological membranes. As cell membranes
will incorporate exogenous PPC (derived
from soybean semen), dietary supplementation
is a logical first step in the restoration
process.
Several clinical
and pharmacological trials have shown the
relationship between the loss of membrane
phospholipids, membrane damage, and disease.
NT Factor™ administration
as a dietary supplement has resulted in
enhancement of cognitive performance of
the aging brain, improvement of coronary,
peripheral and cerebral blood flow, activation
of liver metabolism, and detoxification
through mucosal restoration.
NT
Factor™ introduces the ability
to nourish cell membrane and mitochondrial
membrane, thereby setting the stage for
better utilization of moderately dosed nutrients
and improved mitochondrial function. The
principal purpose of NT Factor™
is that of a nutrient compound with the
potential to improve the structure and function
of cell membrane. The result is improved
nutrient absorption and improved energy
levels. NT
Factor™ significantly
upregulates mitochondrial function, in an
elderly population returning mitochondrial
function to early middle age levels. Reduced
mitochondrial function occurs in aging and
all chronic disease. NT Factor™
maintains an
ability to colonize native microflora.
Special Dietary Usefulness
This product
may have special dietary usefulness, under
a physician’s supervision, for patients
suffering from moderate to severe fatigue,
including patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Adverse Reactions
None known.
Dosage and Administration
General health
or mild fatigue: 1 tablet 3 times daily.
Moderate fatigue: 2 tablets 3 times daily.
Severe fatigue or while undergoing cyto-toxic
therapy: 3 tablets 3 times daily.
STORAGE: NT
Factor™ should be stored in a cool,
dry place.
REFERENCES
1. Ellithorpe,
Rita R., Settineri, Robert A., Nicolson,
Garth L. Pilot Study: Reduction of Fatigue
by Use of a Dietary Supplement Containing
Glycophospholipids. JANA 2003; Vol. 6, #1.
2. Colodny L., Lynch K., Farber C., Papsih
S., Phillips K., Sanchez M., Cooper K.,
Pickus O., Palmer D., Percy TB., Faroqui
M., Block JB. Results of a study to evaluate
the use of Propax [with NT Factor™]
to reduce adverse effects of chemotherapy.
JANA 2001; 3:17-25.
3. Abstract presented at the Institute of
Integrative Medicine Conference. Niagara
Falls, Canada. October 2002.
4. Seidman, Michael D. “Polyunsaturated
phosphatidylcholine in NT Factor™
improves mitochondrial function, auditory
sensitivity and may slow some of the aging
processes.” Anti-Aging Medical News. Winter
2001.
5. Seidman, Michael D., Khan, Mumtaz J.,
Tang, Wen Xue, Quirk, Wayne S. “Influence
of lecithin [a polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine]
on mitochondrial DNA and age-related hearing
loss.” Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.
September 2002.
